Happiest States

Happiness Index Score
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Pursuit of Happiness Across the States

The notion of happiness, integral to the ethos of the United States from the time of its founding, remains as relevant today as it was in the days of the Declaration of Independence. With each state offering a unique blend of culture, environment, economics, and societal structure, the experience and perception of happiness can greatly vary across the nation.

Every year, the World Happiness Report includes rankings of national happiness based on respondent ratings of their own lives. This report illuminates the differences in happiness levels across the United States. By examining factors such as income, healthy life expectancy, social support, freedom, trust, and generosity, we can better understand the elements that contribute to the happiness of individuals in different states.

A glance at the latest data from 2023 reveals interesting findings:

  • North Dakota tops the chart with a happiness score of 73.2. The state's strong economy, social support, and emphasis on work-life balance contribute to its residents' high level of happiness.
  • Following closely behind North Dakota are states like New Hampshire and Wyoming, boasting happiness scores of 72.3 and 72, respectively. Factors such as a robust economy, strong community bonds contribute to the high happiness levels in these states.
  • On the other end of the spectrum, Arkansas reported the lowest happiness score of 52.4. Economic hardship, coupled with various social and health challenges, contribute to a lower quality of life in this region.
  • Other states with lower happiness scores include Oklahoma and Louisiana, reflecting the need for improvements in areas such as economic opportunities, healthcare access, and community support.

Happiest States

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Methodology

To determine the happiest states the 50 states were compared across four key categories:

  1. Economic Well-being
  2. Family and Social Connections
  3. Physical and Mental Well-being
  4. Environmental and Societal Wellness

Each of these was defined via individual metrics that were representative of the category. There were a total of 30 metrics which are listed below. Each metric was graded on a 100-point scale, with a score of 100 being the max. Each metric had state scores distributed from 0 to 100.

Finally, each state’s weighted average was determined across all metrics to calculate category scores. These were then summed to generate the final rank order of the states.

Economic Well-being (30%)

Livable Wage: Regular Weight (1.5 Points)

Note: This metric measures the income level that allows individuals or families to afford an adequate life.

Average Hourly Earnings: Regular Weight (3 Points)

Note: This metrics measures the average earnings per hour for individuals across all states in 2023. 

Median Household Income: Regular Weight (3 Points)

Note: This metric represents the income level at which half of households earn more and half earn less.

Median Rent: Regular Weight (3 Points) 

Note: This figure signifies the middle point of rent payments in a given area.

Poverty Rate: Regular Weight (6 Points)

Note: This statistic indicates the proportion of people living below the poverty line in a specific region.

Layoffs and Discharges: Regular Weight (1.5 Points)

Note: This term quantifies the number of individuals who have lost their jobs due to layoffs or discharges.

Job Openings: Regular Weight (1.5 Points)

Note: This metric represents the number of available positions for employment.

Income Inequality: Regular Weight (3 Points)

Note: This concept measures the unequal distribution of income among a population.

Debt-to-Income Ratio: Regular Weight (6 Points)

Note: This ratio reflects the relationship between an individual's debt and their income.

Percent of Households Receiving Food Stamps: Regular Weight (1.5 Points)

Note: This metric gauges the percentage of households relying on food stamps for nutritional support.

Foreclosure Rate: Regular Weight (2.7 Points)

Note: This term indicates the proportion of homes in a given area undergoing foreclosure.

Family and Social Connections (20%)

Divorce Rates: Regular Weight (1.2 Points)

Note: Divorce rates quantify the percentage of marriages that end in divorce. 

Domestic Violence Rates: Regular Weight (4.7 Points)

Note: This metric measures the incidence of domestic violence within a community.

Child Access to Care: Regular Weight (2.4 Points)

Note: This term assesses the ease with which children can access essential healthcare services.

Average Commute Time: Regular Weight (1.2 Points)

Note: This figure represents the average time individuals spend commuting to and from work,.

Public School Rankings: Regular Weight (2.4 Points)

Note: Public school rankings evaluate the performance and quality of education in primary and secondary schools.

Child Care Costs: Regular Weight (2.4 Points)

Note: Child care costs quantify the financial burden associated with childcare services.

Social Isolation Rates: Regular Weight (2.4 Points)

Note: This metric gauges the prevalence of social isolation within a community.

Households with Single Mothers: Regular Weight (2.4 Points)

Note: This term represents the proportion of households led by single mothers.

Physical and Mental Well-being (30%)

Depression Rates: Regular Weight (8.6 Points)

Note: Depression rates measure the prevalence of clinical depression within each state in the US.

Life Expectancy Rate: Regular Weight (4.3 Points)

Note: Life expectancy rate indicates the average number of years a person can expect to live.

Adult Access to Care: Regular Weight (4.3 Points)

Note: This term assesses the ease with which adults can access essential healthcare services.

Exercise Rates: Regular Weight (4.3 Points)

Note: Exercise rates measure the percentage of the population engaging in regular physical activity. 

Suicide Rates: Regular Weight (4.3 Points)

Note: Suicide rates quantify the number of self-inflicted deaths within each state in 2021. 

Avoided Care due to Cost: Regular Weight (4.3 Points)

Note: This metric indicates the percentage of individuals who forego necessary medical care due to financial constraints.

Environmental and Societal Wellness (20%)

Violent Crime Rates: Regular Weight (6.7 Points)

Note: Violent crime rates measure the frequency of serious offenses involving force or threat in 2022.

Non-violent Crime Rates: Regular Weight (3.3 Points)

Note: Non-violent crime rates quantify the occurrence of offenses that do not involve force or threat in 2022.

Air Quality Index: Regular Weight (3.3 Points)

Note: Air quality assesses the cleanliness of the air in a given area.

Police Officers Rate: Regular Weight (3.3 Points)

Note: This metric represents the number of police officers per capita in 2022. 

Volunteer Rate: Regular Weight (3.3 Points)

Note: Volunteer rate measures the percentage of the population engaged in community service or charitable activities.

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